api-filter skill

Adding Filters to Collections

Declare filters with QueryParameter in the operation's parameters: array. The key is the query-string parameter exposed to clients; the filter: is the filter instance. This is the canonical approach for API Platform 4.4+ — it works with any state provider and is per-operation explicit.

use ApiPlatform\Metadata\GetCollection;
use ApiPlatform\Metadata\QueryParameter;
use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\ExactFilter;

#[GetCollection(
    parameters: [
        'status' => new QueryParameter(filter: new ExactFilter()),
    ],
)]
class Order {}

Client: GET /orders?status=shipped

#[ApiFilter] is legacy. The class-level #[ApiFilter(SearchFilter::class, ...)] attribute and the multi-strategy filters (SearchFilter, BooleanFilter, NumericFilter, OrderFilter, BackedEnumFilter) are deprecated in 4.4 and removed in 6.0. Don't teach or add them in new code. If you encounter them, the migration target is the QueryParameter + single-purpose filter set below. The mapping is in the table at the bottom.

Canonical filter set

Each filter does one thing. They live in two parallel namespaces — pick the one matching your persistence layer:

Filter	Purpose	ORM	MongoDB ODM
ExactFilter	equality, multi-value (IN); booleans/ints/enums via nativeType	ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\ExactFilter	ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Odm\Filter\ExactFilter
PartialSearchFilter	LIKE %x% substring	…\Orm\Filter\PartialSearchFilter	…\Odm\Filter\PartialSearchFilter
ComparisonFilter	gt/gte/lt/lte/ne (decorates an equality filter)	…\Orm\Filter\ComparisonFilter	…\Odm\Filter\ComparisonFilter
SortFilter	ORDER BY	…\Orm\Filter\SortFilter	…\Odm\Filter\SortFilter
DateFilter	before/after date ranges	…\Orm\Filter\DateFilter	…\Odm\Filter\DateFilter
RangeFilter	between/gt/lt on numbers	…\Orm\Filter\RangeFilter	…\Odm\Filter\RangeFilter
ExistsFilter	IS NULL / IS NOT NULL	…\Orm\Filter\ExistsFilter	…\Odm\Filter\ExistsFilter
IriFilter	relationship lookup by IRI	…\Orm\Filter\IriFilter	…\Odm\Filter\IriFilter
OrFilter	decorator: switches a primary's WHERE to orWhere	…\Orm\Filter\OrFilter	…\Odm\Filter\OrFilter
FreeTextQueryFilter	decorator: broadcasts one value across N properties	…\Orm\Filter\FreeTextQueryFilter	…\Odm\Filter\FreeTextQueryFilter

ComparisonFilter and OrFilter are still marked @experimental in 4.4 — they are the intended migration target but their API may shift before stabilizing.

Common filters

Exact match

'status' => new QueryParameter(filter: new ExactFilter())

GET /orders?status=shipped. Arrays produce an IN: ?status[]=draft&status[]=sent.

Boolean / integer / enum — ExactFilter + nativeType

There is no BooleanFilter in the canonical set. Use ExactFilter and declare the native type so values are cast and documented correctly:

use Symfony\Component\TypeInfo\Type\BuiltinType;
use Symfony\Component\TypeInfo\TypeIdentifier;

'active' => new QueryParameter(
    filter: new ExactFilter(),
    nativeType: new BuiltinType(TypeIdentifier::BOOL),
),

GET /orders?active=true. Use TypeIdentifier::INT for integers; pass an enum's native type for backed enums.

Partial search (LIKE)

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\PartialSearchFilter;

'q' => new QueryParameter(filter: new PartialSearchFilter(), property: 'title')

GET /books?q=harry. property: maps the public param name to the entity field.

Comparison (gt/gte/lt/lte/ne)

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\ComparisonFilter;

'price' => new QueryParameter(filter: new ComparisonFilter(new ExactFilter()))

GET /products?price[gt]=100&price[lte]=500.

Date range

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\DateFilter;

'createdAt' => new QueryParameter(filter: new DateFilter())

GET /orders?createdAt[after]=2024-01-01&createdAt[before]=2024-12-31.

Numeric range

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\RangeFilter;

'price' => new QueryParameter(filter: new RangeFilter())

GET /products?price[between]=10..100.

Exists (null check)

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\ExistsFilter;

'deletedAt' => new QueryParameter(filter: new ExistsFilter())

GET /orders?deletedAt[exists]=false.

Relation (IRI)

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\IriFilter;

'author' => new QueryParameter(filter: new IriFilter())

GET /books?author=/authors/1.

Sorting — SortFilter

There is no OrderFilter in the canonical set. Use SortFilter. Two forms:

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\SortFilter;

// Per-property named parameter
'orderName' => new QueryParameter(filter: new SortFilter(), property: 'name'),
// → GET /books?orderName=desc

// Dynamic, OrderFilter-style: one parameter, any allowed property
'order[:property]' => new QueryParameter(filter: new SortFilter()),
// → GET /books?order[name]=asc&order[createdAt]=desc

property: can traverse relations ('department.company.name' sorts across joins). Control null placement with nullsComparison:

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Common\Filter\OrderFilterInterface;

'orderHireDate' => new QueryParameter(
    filter: new SortFilter(nullsComparison: OrderFilterInterface::NULLS_ALWAYS_FIRST),
    property: 'hireDate',
),

Free-text across multiple fields

FreeTextQueryFilter decorates a primary and broadcasts one value to several properties; wrap with OrFilter to match any of them:

use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\FreeTextQueryFilter;
use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\OrFilter;
use ApiPlatform\Doctrine\Orm\Filter\ExactFilter;

'autocomplete' => new QueryParameter(
    filter: new FreeTextQueryFilter(new OrFilter(new ExactFilter())),
    properties: ['name', 'email', 'description'],
),

GET /users?autocomplete=alice.

Validating filter parameters

use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints as Assert;

'length' => new QueryParameter(
    filter: new ExactFilter(),
    constraints: [new Assert\Length(max: 100)],
)

Invalid values yield a 422 before the query runs.

Default ordering

Set a default sort directly on the operation (no parameter needed):

new GetCollection(order: ['createdAt' => 'DESC'])

Legacy → canonical migration map

Legacy (deprecated 4.4, removed 6.0)	Canonical replacement
#[ApiFilter(SearchFilter::class, ['x' => 'exact'])]	'x' => new QueryParameter(filter: new ExactFilter())
SearchFilter strategy partial	PartialSearchFilter
BooleanFilter	ExactFilter + nativeType: BOOL
NumericFilter	ExactFilter + nativeType: INT
BackedEnumFilter	ExactFilter + enum nativeType
OrderFilter	SortFilter
RangeFilter, DateFilter, ExistsFilter	same class — survives as drop-in, just move to QueryParameter

Laravel (Eloquent)

The QueryParameter wiring is identical, but Laravel ships its own Eloquent filter set under ApiPlatform\Laravel\Eloquent\Filter\ — these are not the Doctrine classes and the names differ. Declare them with class-level #[QueryParameter] / #[GetCollection(parameters: …)] on the model (or DTO). The key, property, properties, :property placeholder and constraints options work the same.

Need	Doctrine (above)	Laravel Eloquent class
equality	ExactFilter	EqualsFilter
LIKE %x%	PartialSearchFilter	PartialSearchFilter
LIKE x% / %x	StartSearchFilter / EndSearchFilter	StartSearchFilter / EndSearchFilter
boolean	ExactFilter + nativeType	BooleanFilter
date range	DateFilter	DateFilter (filterContext: ['include_nulls' => true] to keep nulls; default excludes)
numeric range	RangeFilter	RangeFilter
sort	SortFilter	OrderFilter
OR	OrFilter	OrFilter (decorator: new OrFilter(new EqualsFilter()))

use ApiPlatform\Laravel\Eloquent\Filter\EqualsFilter;
use ApiPlatform\Laravel\Eloquent\Filter\OrderFilter;
use ApiPlatform\Metadata\ApiResource;
use ApiPlatform\Metadata\QueryParameter;

#[ApiResource]
#[QueryParameter(key: 'name', filter: EqualsFilter::class)]
#[QueryParameter(key: 'sort[:property]', filter: OrderFilter::class, properties: ['name', 'id'])]
class Book extends Model {}

Constraints are Laravel validation rules (a string/array), not Symfony constraints: new QueryParameter(key: 'name', filter: PartialSearchFilter::class, constraints: 'min:2'). Custom filters implement ApiPlatform\Laravel\Eloquent\Filter\FilterInterface (apply(Builder $builder, mixed $values, Parameter $parameter, array $context = []): Builder); scaffold with php artisan make:filter. There is no ExistsFilter, ComparisonFilter, IriFilter or FreeTextQueryFilter in the Eloquent set — nativeType on a parameter is also unused (use BooleanFilter for booleans). #[ApiFilter] is not the Laravel idiom; models declare #[QueryParameter] directly.